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Assisted Dying Bill

A proposed law that will give terminally ill, mentally competent adults the option to control the manner and timing of their death.

Kim Leadbeater’s Terminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Bill

Kim Leadbeater’s Bill to legalise assisted dying for terminally ill, mentally competent adults has now completed all its steps in the House of Commons. The Bill was subject to more than 100 hours of scrutiny by the Commons and amended in consultation with government legal advisers to ensure it is safe and workable. 

On Friday 20 June 2025, a majority of MPs voted for the Bill to progress to the House of Lords, with 314 voting in favour and 291 voting against. You can see how your MP voted on parliament’s website. 

What the assisted dying Bill will do

It proposes that adults who are terminally ill, mentally competent, and have 6 months to live or less should have the option to choose assisted dying. It also includes a number of safety measures:

Assisted dying Bill process

The Terminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Bill is a Private Member’s bill. Private Members’ bills are draft laws, proposed by individual members rather than the government. They are selected by a ballot at the start of each session of Parliament.

The Bill began its journey in the House of Commons when Kim Leadbeater MP was drawn first in the Private Member’s Bill ballot and introduced the Bill in October 2024. It then passed a series of readings, a committee and a report stage at which MPs voted in favour of the Bill progressing, with 314 voting for and 291 against.

The Bill is now in the House of Lords, where the Rt Hon Lord Falconer of Thoroton KC, barrister and former Lord Chancellor and Justice Secretary, will lead the Bill through the process.

Lord Falconer has confirmed the Bill will  have its Second Reading on Friday 12 September 2025.

Find out more about the Bill and follow its progress on the Parliament website.

Commons Bill process

Previous attempts to change the Law

The Terminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Bill is the most recent in a number of attempts to change the Law.

Baroness Meacher’s Assisted Dying Bill (2021)

This Bill was proposed to the House of Lords by Baroness Meacher May 2021. Baroness Meacher is a past Chair of Dignity in Dying and life peer in the House of Lords.

What the Bill proposed
The Bill proposed to legalise assisted dying as a choice for terminally ill, mentally competent adults with six months to live or less. The person’s choice would have to be approved by two independent doctors and a high court judge. A prescription for life-ending medication would then be granted for the person to take when and where they were ready.

The process and outcome
The Bill had its first reading on 26 May 2021. It was first debated at its second reading on 22 October 2021. It passed this stage unopposed with a majority of speakers in favour and strong cross party support, including several people who changed their position on the issue.

The Bill then passed to Committee Stage but ran out of time and was unable to pass all the necessary stages before the parliamentary session ended. The bill officially failed when the new session began, marked by the Queen’s Speech in May 2022.

More information

Rob Marris’s Assisted Dying Bill (2015)

Labour MP Rob Marris introduced an Assisted Dying Bill to the House of Commons in 2015. It was based on Lord Falconer’s 2014 Bill.

What the Bill proposed
The Bill proposed to allow terminally ill, mentally competent adults to have an assisted death after being approved by two doctors.

The process and outcome
The Bill was defeated at its Second Reading in 2015 after four hours of debate. This was the first ever debate on an assisted dying law in the House of Commons and the first vote on the principle since 1997.

More information

Lord Falconer’s Assisted Dying Bill (2014)

This Bill was proposed to the House of Lords by Lord Falconer in June 2013 but was not allocated time for debate. It was then reintroduced in June 2014 and debated for the first time in July 2014.

What the Bill proposed
The Bill proposed to allow terminally ill, mentally competent adults to have an assisted death after being approved by two doctors. It was based on the Oregon Death with Dignity Act, which has allowed assisted dying in that State since 1997. Find out more about assisted dying in Oregon.

The process and outcome
The Bill was debated and passed at second reading in the House of Lords in July 2014. Over 120 Peers took part in the almost 10-hour-long debate. Further debates took place in November 2014, when an amendment proposed by Lord Pannick added judicial oversight to the assisted dying process, a proposal that was agreed unanimously in the House of Lords.

In January 2015 two opposition amendments to derail the Bill were defeated by large margins. Due to a lack of time with the impending General Election in May 2015, no further progress was made on the Bill.

More information

Assisted dying across the British Isles

Other nations in the British Isles are also attempting to change their laws on assisted dying.

Scotland

Liam McArthur MSP introduced the Assisted Dying for Terminally Ill Adults (Scotland) Bill in March 2024.

Find out more on the Dignity in Dying Scotland website.

Isle of Man

Dr Allinson MHK introduced the Assisted Dying Bill in June 2023

Read: Landslide victory for compassion as Isle of Man’s Parliament votes 2:1 for assisted dying bill

Jersey

States Members voted to introduce an assisted dying bill to Jersey’s States Assembly in May 2024.

Read: Victory for compassion as Jersey assisted dying proposals win key votes in historic debate

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